Phnom Penh is filled with great people that haven't yet been jaded by tourism like the Thai or Vietnamesse. Everyone, from children to adults, wants to learn English and genuinely enjoys speaking to tourists. Cambodia, however, has more social problems than its neighbors: 50% of the country is under the age of 18 and consequently they have many orphans living on the street. While this is upsetting, it isn't as pervasive as we anticipated, and these issues are possibly being mitigated by the incredible UN and NGO presence. Anyways, despite all of the people's problems (and we haven't even gotten to their recent history), they are happy and a pleasure to be around.
Since we arrived in the evening, our first goal was dinner and drinks. For drinks we headed to the Foriegn Correspondants Club, prevously home to most war-time reporters, and currently housing a great photography collection showing the chaos that has unfolded in PP for decades. Next we tested and were delighted with Khmer cuisine (at Frizz), enjoying a sprout-stuffed crepe, some chicken curry, and slow bbq'd chicken. The flavors are similar to Indian cuisine, (Cambodian culture is largely influenced by India), but without much of the heat.
The next day, we toured the Royal Palace, which isn't as grand as Thailand's version, but impressive nonetheless. We continued on through the obligatory market, past the Hotel Le Royal, and on to the not-so-fantastic Wat Phnom. Seeing the city itself was more rewarding than these sights in many ways.
Walkin around, Lindsey has especially enjoyed the children's sales skills and strong personalities. Granted children shouldn't really have to sell things on the street, but they sure are good at it. One kid asked, 'Where are you from,' and upon hearing 'America' replied: 'Howdy, You have 300 million people, your president is Obama, your Capital is Washington DC.' It was pretty impressive as he went from table to table with his pitch.
One of the things that brought us to Cambodia is their rich history, both ancient and recent. One thousand years ago, the Khmer people were Asia's Romans, building grand temples and cities. More recently, their country suffered one of history's most brutal genocides under the Khmer Rouge. We wanted to get a closer look at both of these.
A quick history lesson: the Khmer Rouge, led by Pol Pot, was a communist political party and militia, that ruled Cambodia from 1975-1979. The party imposed a severe form of social engineering on the society, forcing the entire population to leave the cities and work on agrarian communes or forced labor projects. Anyone who dissented or showed modern tendencies was tortured and executed. By 1979, when the KR lost power to the Vietnamesse, they had murdered over 1.5mm people, roughly 25% of the Cambodian population. To get a better understanding of this history, we toured the Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum, formerly the Khmer Rouge's largest prison and interrogation center, where over 17,000 people were tortured and murdered.
A tour guide walked us through each room, describing the torture that occured in the place we stood. It was graphic and shocking as we saw splattered blood that remained on ceilings, blood stained floors, and pictures of countless prisoners before and after tourture. We also had the rare chance to see one of four remamining survivors of the prison (there were only 12 of 17,000) being interviewed. The survivors were kept alive for certian skills (artist, mechanic, etc) that were deemed useful.
The pictures of children, deemed "enemies" of KR were unimaginable.
The museum was a shocking look at history, but more interestingly revealed the forgiving nature of Cambodians. As our tour guide showed us a picture of a man beating another to death with a bamboo stick, she explained that the same man worked upstairs at the museum. We were shocked: a former S21 executioner, responsible for personally killing hundreds worked at the museum devoted to explaining the same barbarism! Upstairs, we saw the man turn on a movie about the murders he had personally committed, and couldn't help but cringe. It is an incredibly different culture that is hard to understand.
When we found out that both of our guide's parents had been executed, we had to ask: "Are you angry?" She wasn't at all and much of this comes down to two things. The first is practical: they figure that if they had killed all of the khmer rouge soldiers as retribution that 50% of their country would have died instead of only 25%. The second component to their utter lack of anger is related to their Buddhist faith. They figure that these people will be punished in their next lifetime, and as such they don't have the same appetite for "justice" as the West. The only exception, is their excitement that the former leaders (about 4 people) are imprisoned or currently on trial.
Once prisoners were tortured, generally over the course of a few weeks, they were taken to the nearby Choeung Ek Killing Fields for execution and mass burial. This was our next stop and an eerie place where bone fragments and bits of clothing litter the ground you walk on. It is also site to a memorial stupa, which holds over 8,000 skulls that have been exhumed.
In the evening, in need of some pep, we got massages from blind people at Seeing Hands Massage, before having the first good Mexican meal of the trip. Steve had given up hope of every getting decent Mexican and refused to order anything until he'd tasted the salsa and chips. Luckily Cantina was a great exception and we returned for a second dinner here before leaving Phnom Penh.
The next day, we took a full day Khmer cooking course, through Frizz restaurant. We learned to make spring rolls, a curried fish amok steamed in a banana leaf bowl (below), banana leaf salad, and sticky rice dessert. It's another few courses for our internation banquet upon our return. The most rewarding part, however, was speaking with our teacher, who was an orphan that learned to cook through a local charity that teaches cooking and English skills. He grew up eating rats and insects (his favorite is actually dog), and is now studying to apply to American Universities. It was amazing how far the country and its people have come in such a short amount of time.
In the evening, we had a drink at the posh Elephant Bar, one-time host to Jackie Kennedy, before returning to the FCC for a few more. During out time here, Earth Hour occured and the FCC turned off their lights and we continued drinking by candle light. Oh, and they gave us free sangria for earth hour!
The following day, we had one more nerdy stop at the Cambodian National Museum, which housed the largest collection of Khmer art. Most of their works are from temples near Angkor Wat (our next stop) and so was good preparation. We learned a bit about Hindu and Buddhist symbolism in the sculptures and really enjoyed this place. It was probably the best museum of the trip thus far.
We really enjoyed the history, food, and people in Phnom Penh and think we'll return. It was one of our favorite stops so far, but we're excited for Angkor Wat where we'll see the world's largest temple!